Alloy 316 & 316L
- ALLOY 316 & 316L • UNS S31600 • WNR 1.4401
Grade 316 is the standard molybdenum-bearing grade, second inoverall volume production to 304 amongst the austenitic stainless steels. The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than Grade 304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments.
Grade 316L, the low carbon version of 316 and has very high immunity from sensitization (grain boundary carbide precipitation). It is extensivly used in the oil and gas and chemical industries for its cost effective corrosion resistance and ease of fabrication. There is commonly no appreciable price difference between 316 and 316L stainless steel. The austenitic structure also gives these grades excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures. Compared to chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels, 316L stainless steel offers higher creep, stress to rupture and tensile strength at elevated temperatures.
These alloys may be considered for a wide variety of applications where one or more properties are important.
- Available Tube Product form
- Straight
- Coiled
- Seamless
- Seam welded and cold redrawn
- Seam welded, cold redrawn and annealed
- Typical Applications
- Control lines
- Process engineering
- High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
- Condensers
- Medical implants (including Pins, screws and implants)
- Semiconductors
- Heat exchangers
- Industries predominantly using this Grade
- Chemical processing
- Oil and gas
- High Performance
- Commercial
- Typical Manufacturing Specifications
- ASTM A213
- ASTM A269
- ASTM A312
- ASTM A632
- BS EN 10216 Pt 5
- Also individual customer specifications.
- Technical Data
Mechanical Properties
| Temper | Annealed | Cold worked (approx. 20%) | |||
| Material | 316 | 316L | - | 316 | 316L |
| Tensile Rm | 75 | 70 | ksi (min) | 102-131 | ksi (min) |
| Tensile Rm | 515 | 485 | MPa (min) | 700-900 | MPa (min) |
| R.p. 0.2% Yield | 30 | 27 | ksi (min) | 73-102 | ksi (min) |
| R.p. 0.2% Yield | 205 | 182 | MPa (min) | 500-700 | MPa (min) |
| Elongation (2” or 4D gl) | 35 | % (min) | 40 | % (min) | |
Physical Properties (Room Temperature)
| Specific Heat (0-100°C) | 500 | J.kg-1.°K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 16.3 | W.m -1.°K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 15.9 | μm/μm/°C |
| Modulus Elasticity | 193 | GPa |
| Electrical Resistivity | 7.4 | Ohm-cm |
| Density | 7.99 | g/cm3 |
Chemical Composition (% by weight)
| Element | 316 Min | 316 Max | 316L Min | 316L Max |
| C | - | 0.08 | - | 0.035 |
| Mn | - | 2 | - | 2 |
| Ni | 10 | 14 | 10 | 15 |
| Cr | 16 | 18 | 16 | 18 |
| Mo | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| S | - | 0.03 | - | 0.03 |
| Si | - | 1 | - | 1 |
| P | - | 0.045 | - | 0.045 |
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